Upon ingestion of food, gastric acids and bile destroy and prevent bacteria from passing through the intestines. When these protective barriers fail, SIBO occurs. There are many important host defense mechanisms against bacterial overgrowth.
The etiology of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is complex. Due to recent advances in medicine and increased awareness and understanding, SIBO is now often considered in most clinicians’ differential diagnoses in patients with non-specific gastrointestinal complaints. When the protective mechanisms against excessive bacterial growth fail, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) can manifest. Bacteroids are predominant organisms in the colon, and concentrations can reach 10organisms per mL. The concentration of organisms rarely exceeds 10/mL in the small intestine. Lactobacilli, enterococci, facultative anaerobes, and gram-positive anaerobes are predominantly organisms in the small intestine. The proximal small intestine normally contains relatively very few bacteria due to the presence of stomach acid and the effects of peristalsis. The presence of these excess organisms, resulting in multiple intestinal symptoms, is mandatory. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is defined as the presence of excess colonic bacteria in the small intestine.
Identify the risk factors and etiology of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.This activity reviews the evaluation and management of SIBO and explains the role of the interprofessional team in improving care for patients with this condition. When these protective mechanisms against excessive bacterial growth fail, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) can manifest. Gastric acid secretion and intestinal motility limit the overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine. In contrast to the large intestine, the concentration of the bacteria in the small intestine rarely exceeds 1000 organisms/mL.
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